Basic terms you need to know as a Trading beginner.

Concept	Description
Python bridge	A "bridge" written in Python (a programming language) is a robot (bot), a small program that translates between 2 different systems. Example: between Telegram and MetaTrader5. If you join a Telegram channel and someone says "Buy gold @2400, SL 2394, TP 2408", the bridge (bot) reads this and sends the message (translates it) to MT5. MT5 then places the trade automatically (or you can decide manually) to buy gold (to go long) at 2.400, stop the loss at 2.394, take profit at 2.408.
MetaTrade5	Software and platform that allows you to watch the trading chart and place trades (buy or sell). Example: buy or sell gold (XAU) or Forex (foreign exchange).

Python Bridge

This is a small program written in Python (a programming language) that works as a translator between 2 different systems. Example: between Telegram and MetaTrader5.

Telegram is the known instant messaging app.
MetaTrader5 is the trading app that runs on your computer.

Example: in a restaurant we have the kitchen (Telegram), a customer (MT5) and a waiter (Python bridge). Telegram (kitchen) creates messages (dishes) in specific VIP channels; the waiter (Python bridge) takes these messages (dishes) to a table where the customer (MT5) waits, so he can execute the message (eat the dish).

Node.js Bridge

This is exactly the same as a Python Bridge, but this time the bridge is running through a different programming language: JavaScript instead of Python. But the function is identical: the bridge takes the message from Telegram and serves it to MT5.

Telethon

It's a bot, a Python library, a pre-built program, a script that logs into Telegram like a real user, and can sit in a channel and read the messages like a real person. The owner of the channel doesn't even know that the program is actually a robot.

Terminal

In MT5 context, its the MT5 software itself, the whole program, not just specific parts of it (account, broker, tools, etc.).

Charting

This is the graphical drawing of the price of something: gold, EUR/USD, etc. Normally as a line or as candlesticks. This way you can graphically see the price: trends, support levels, resistance levels, patterns, etc.

Expert Advisor (EA)

This is a robot trader: a small automated program that lives inside MT5, written in MetaQuotes own programming language (MQL5). MetaQuotes is the company behind MT5. An EA usually watches the market and places trades automatically based on rules that someone codes (yourself or someone else). Example: if the price of gold goes down to "X" level, buy.

Telegram signal copier

This is a commercial product that serves as a bridge between Telegram and MT5. Instead of programming it all by yourself, you buy the product or subscribe to it. It reads a Telegram channel, detects phrases such as "Buy Gold, SL 2300, TP 2450" send the orders to MT5 so it can execute them automatically.

DLL-based EA's

Some EA's (bots) need additional libraries or files called DLLs (Dynamic Link Libraries): Windows-specific files so MT5 can run extra features, such as networking or database access. This DLL's usually cannot run natively on Macs.

Differences MT5 and TradingView

MetaTrader	TradingView
Trading platform. Good to execute trades.	Charting platform. Good to analyse trades.
Can execute trades	Only if the broker allows it
In short: TradingView has better charting features and for analysing is way better, but MetaTrader is the app you need in order to buy and sell. You could trade under TradingView, but the major feature is analysing, not executing trades.

Gold Trading

When trading with gold, you actually don't buy or sell gold. You don't own a piece of gold. You simply bet that the price of gold (in USD) is going up or down. In both cases you can make money. This is why:

Going long (buying): you win money if the price of gold goes up (bullish). Example: if you buy gold at 2.300 EUR/oz and then sell it for 2.320 EUR/oz, you would win 20 EUR.
Going short (selling): you win money if the price of gold goes down (bearish). Example: if you sell gold at 2.300 EUR/oz and then buy it for 2.280 EUR/oz, you would win 20 EUR.

Stop Loss (SL) & Take Profit (TP)

Stop Loss is your safety exit, your seatbelt. This is where you stop trading immediately and automatically. If you buy gold, for example, when its price is at 2.340 EUR/oz, and you set a SL at 2.300 EUR/oz, if the price reaches this bottom, MT5 stops the trade automatically. So, if the price even drops more below that limit, you don't lose any more money. The Stop Loss is the most important set in trading. Never ever trade without a Stop Loss.